Knowledge

The working principle and structural composition of gear pumps

The working principle of a gear pump is that it is a rotary pump that conveys liquids or increases their pressure by the change in the working volume formed between the pump cylinder and the meshing gears. Its working principle is as follows: Suction process: When the driving gear of the gear pump rotates, it drives the driven gear to rotate together. On the suction side, the gears gradually disengage from meshing, the sealed volume increases, and a local vacuum is formed. Under the action of external atmospheric pressure or gravity, the liquid enters the tooth grooves through the pump inlet. Conveying process: As the gears rotate, the liquid in the suction teeth is carried to the other side and enters the discharge chamber. Discharge process: On the discharge side, the gears engage, the sealed volume gradually decreases, and the liquid is squeezed and discharged from the pump outlet. Sealing and isolation: The meshing line of the gears separates the suction chamber from the discharge chamber, preventing liquid backflow and maintaining the pressure difference.

2. Structural Composition

The gear pump mainly consists of the following parts:

Pump body: The pump body is the main component of the gear pump, with internal flow channels for the movement of liquids.

Gears: Gears are the core components of the gear pump, typically including the driving gear and the driven gear. The driving gear is driven by the motor and rotates the driven gear.

Shafts and bearings: They connect the gears to the driving mechanism, ensuring the stable rotation of the gears.

Sealing device: It prevents liquid leakage, ensuring the efficiency and reliability of the pump.

Safety valve: When the discharge pressure exceeds the specified value, the safety valve automatically opens, returning the high-pressure liquid to the suction pipe to protect the system.

3. Features and Applications

Simple structure: The gear pump has a compact structure, low cost, and is easy to maintain. Stable flow: The flow of the gear pump is directly proportional to the rotational speed, making it suitable for applications requiring stable flow. Wide application range: It is commonly used to convey non-corrosive, non-solid particle liquids with lubricating properties, such as lubricating oil and edible vegetable oil. Working temperature: Generally, it should not exceed 70℃. Pressure and flow range: The pressure range is 0.7-20MPa, and the flow range is 0.045-30m³/h. Gear pumps are widely used in hydraulic systems, industrial transportation, food processing, and other fields, and are important equipment for fluid transportation and pressurization.

Vigor produces high-quality gear pump casings, gears, and gear shafts. If you have any questions or demand of product development or to improve your supply chain, please feel free to contact us at info@castings-forging.com